Abstract
Background
Although salt intake derived from data on urinary sodium excretion in free-living
populations has been used in public policy, a population study on urinary sodium excretion
has not been done in Canada. We assessed dietary sodium and potassium intake using
a 24-hour urine collection in a large survey of urban and rural communities from 4
Canadian cities and determined the association of these electrolytes with blood pressure
(BP).
Methods
One thousand seven hundred consecutive individuals, aged 37-72 years, attending their
annual follow-up visits of the ongoing Prospective and Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study in Vancouver, Hamilton, Ottawa, and Quebec City, Canada,
collected a 24-hour urine sample using standardized procedures.
Results
Mean sodium excretion was 3325 mg/d and mean potassium excretion was 2935 mg/d. Sodium
excretion ranged from 3093 mg/d in Vancouver to 3642 mg/d in Quebec City, after adjusting
for covariates. Potassium excretion ranged from 2844 mg/d in Ottawa to 3082 mg/d in
Quebec City. Both electrolytes were higher in men than in women and in rural populations
than in urban settings (P < 0.001 for all). Sodium excretion was between 3000 and 6000 mg/d in 48.3% of the
participants, < 3000 mg/d in 46.7%, and > 6000 mg/d in only 5%. No significant association
between sodium or potassium excretion and BP was found.
Conclusions
Sodium consumption in these Canadians is within a range comparable to other Western
countries, and intake in most individuals is < 6000 mg/d, with only 5% at higher levels.
Within this range, sodium or potassium levels were not associated with BP.
Résumé
Introduction
Bien que l’apport en sel provenant des données sur l’excrétion urinaire de sodium
des populations d’individus autonomes ait été utilisé dans les politiques publics,
aucune étude de population sur l’excrétion urinaire de sodium n’a été réalisée au
Canada. Nous avons évalué l’apport alimentaire en sodium et en potassium à partir
d’un recueil des urines des 24 heures dans une vaste enquête réalisée auprès de collectivités
urbaines et rurales de 4 villes canadiennes et déterminé l’association de ces électrolytes
à la pression artérielle (PA).
Méthodes
Mille sept cents individus consécutifs âgés de 37 à 72 ans allant à leurs visites
de suivi annuelles de l’étude PURE (Prospective and Urban Rural Epidemiology) en cours
à Vancouver, à Hamilton, à Ottawa et à Québec, au Canada, ont recueilli des échantillons
de leurs urines des 24 heures selon les protocoles standardisés.
Résultats
L’excrétion moyenne de sodium était de 3325 mg par jour et l’excrétion moyenne de
potassium était de 2935 mg par jour. L’excrétion de sodium variait de 3093 mg par
jour à Vancouver à 3642 mg par jour à Québec après l’ajustement des covariables. L’excrétion
de potassium variait de 2844 mg par jour à Ottawa à 3082 mg par jour à Québec. Les
deux électrolytes étaient plus élevés chez les hommes que chez les femmes et dans
les populations rurales que dans les populations urbaines (P < 0,001 pour tous). L’excrétion de sodium était entre 3000 et 6000 mg par jour chez
48,3 % des participants, < 3000 mg par jour chez 46,7 % des participants et > 6000
mg par jour chez 5 % des participants seulement. Nous n’avons observé aucune association
significative entre l’excrétion de sodium ou de potassium et la PA.
Conclusions
La consommation de sodium chez ces Canadiens se situe dans une fourchette comparable
à d’autres pays occidentaux, puis l’apport chez la plupart des individus était < 6000
mg par jour, seuls 5 % avaient des concentrations plus élevées. À l’intérieur de cette
fourchette, les concentrations en sodium et en potassium n’étaient pas associées à
la PA.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 24, 2015
Accepted:
June 16,
2015
Received:
March 30,
2015
Footnotes
See editorial by Graudal, pages 283-285 of this issue.
See page 325 for disclosure information.
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
