Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting
for 17 million deaths in 2013. More than 80% of these cases were in low- and middle-income
countries (LMICs). Although the risk factors for the development of CVD are similar
throughout the world, the evolving change in lifestyle and health behaviours in LMICs—including
tobacco use, decreased physical activity, and obesity—are contributing to the escalating
presence of CVD and mortality. Although CVD mortality is falling in high-income settings
because of more effective preventive and management programs, access to evidence-based
interventions for combating CVD in resource-limited settings is variable. The existing
pressures on both human and financial resources impact the efforts of controlling
CVD. The implementation of emerging innovative interventions to improve medication
adherence, introducing m-health programs, and decentralizing the management of chronic
diseases are promising methods to reduce the burden of chronic disease management
on such fragile health care systems.
Résumé
Deuxième cause de mortalité à l’échelle mondiale, la maladie cardiovasculaire (MCV)
a occasionné 17 millions de décès en 2013. Plus de 80 % de ces décès se sont produits
dans des pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire. Même si les facteurs de risque de
la MCV sont similaires partout dans le monde, les changements observés dans les pays
à revenu faible ou intermédiaire au chapitre du mode de vie et des comportements liés
à la santé, notamment l’usage du tabac, la diminution de l’activité physique et l’obésité,
contribuent à la hausse de la prévalence de la MCV et de la mortalité. Bien que la
mortalité par MCV soit en baisse dans les milieux à revenu élevé en raison de programmes
de prévention et de prise en charge plus efficaces, l’accessibilité à des interventions
fondées sur des preuves pour combattre la MCV dans les milieux où les ressources sont
limitées demeure inégale. Les pressions exercées actuellement sur les ressources tant
humaines que financières nuisent aux efforts visant à réduire l’incidence de la MCV.
La mise en place de nouveaux programmes novateurs visant à améliorer l’observance
thérapeutique, l’implantation de services de santé mobiles et la décentralisation
de la prise en charge des maladies chroniques sont des avenues prometteuses qui pourraient
réduire le fardeau que représentent les maladies chroniques pour les systèmes de santé
fragilisés.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 02, 2015
Accepted:
June 8,
2015
Received:
February 2,
2015
Footnotes
See page 1156 for disclosure information.
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
