Abstract
Background
Hypertension continues to be the leading cause of preventable death and disability.
The objective of this study was to examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment,
and control for women and men in Canada over the last decade.
Methods
A nationally representative, cross-sectional study was conducted using the Canadian
Health Measures Survey (2007-2017). Using blood pressure readings from each respondent,
along with a self-reported history of high blood pressure and active medications,
the rates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control were calculated
for women and men.
Results
A total of 5,794,641 people were identified to have hypertension from 2007 to 2017,
representing 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.9%-24.2%) of the Canadian adult
population with no appreciable change in prevalence over the decade. Overall awareness,
treatment, and control were 83.5% (95% CI, 81.5%-85.4%), 78.9% (95% CI, 76.2%-81.6%),
and 65.4% (95% CI, 62.4%-68.4%), respectively, with no significant changes in men
from 2007 to 2017. Conversely, in women, substantial deteriorations in awareness (72.2%
[95% CI, 64.1%-80.2%] in 2016-2017 vs 85.0% [95% CI, 82.4%-87.7%] in 2007-2015), treatment
(65.2% [95% CI, 57.6%-72.8%] vs 82.2% [95% CI, 79.4%-85.1%]), and control (49.2% [95%
CI, 39.7%-58.7%] vs 67.0% [95% CI, 63.9%-70.1%]) were found.
Conclusions
After plateauing early in the 2000s, Canadian hypertension treatment and control rates
have declined in the past decade, largely in women. Renewed collaborative efforts
by key stakeholders are urgently needed to address this increase in preventable risk
for cardiovascular disease.
Résumé
Contexte
L'hypertension reste la principale cause de décès et d'invalidité évitables. L'objectif
de cette étude était d'examiner la prévalence de l'hypertension, la sensibilisation,
le traitement et le contrôle de l'hypertension chez les femmes et les hommes au Canada
au cours de la dernière décennie.
Méthodes
Une étude transversale représentative, à l'échelle nationale, a été réalisée à l'aide
de l'Enquête canadienne sur les mesures de la santé (2007-2017). Au travers des lectures
de la pression artérielle de chaque répondant, ainsi que des antécédents autodéclarés
d'hypertension et de médicamentation en cours, les taux de prévalence de l'hypertension,
de sensibilisation, de traitement et de contrôle ont été calculés pour les femmes
et les hommes.
Résultats
Un total de 5 794 641 personnes ont été identifiées comme souffrant d'hypertension
entre 2007 et 2017, ce qui représente 23,1 % (intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 %,
21,9 %-24,2 %) de la population adulte canadienne, sans changement notable de la prévalence
au cours de la décennie. Dans l'ensemble, la sensibilisation, le traitement et le
contrôle étaient respectivement de 83,5 % (IC à 95 %, 81,5 %-85,4 %), 78,9 % (IC à
95 %, 76,2 %-81,6 %) et 65,4 % (IC à 95 %, 62,4 %-68,4 %), sans changement significatif
chez les hommes de 2007 à 2017. À l'inverse, chez les femmes, des détériorations importantes
de la sensibilisation (72,2 % [IC à 95 %, 64,1 %-80,2 %] en 2016-2017 vs 85,0 % [IC
à 95 %, 82,4 %-87,7 %] en 2007-2015), du traitement (65,2 % [IC à 95 %, 57,6 %-72,8
%] contre 82,2 % [IC à 95 %, 79,4 %-85,1 %]), et le contrôle (49,2 % [IC à 95 %, 39,7
%-58,7 %] contre 67,0 % [IC à 95 %, 63,9 %-70,1 %]) ont été constatées.
Conclusions
Après avoir plafonné au début des années 2000, les taux de traitement et de contrôle
de l'hypertension au Canada ont diminué au cours de la dernière décennie, principalement
chez les femmes. Il est urgent de renouveler les efforts de collaboration des principales
parties prenantes pour faire face à cette augmentation du risque évitable de maladie
cardiovasculaire.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 13, 2020
Accepted:
February 26,
2020
Received:
February 10,
2020
Footnotes
See page 738 for disclosure information.
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
